Recent Changes

14/2/20101
Today, i had my first science lesson at the lab for this semester. Today’s experiment is an average one. We were just needed to pour six different reagents into a “6” wells strip and dip different objects into the 6 reagents. These six different reagents include Ethanoic acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, and dilute sulphuric acid, aqueous ammonia, dilute sodium hydroxide and de-ionised water. The different objects also include a red litmus paper, a blue litmus paper, a drop of methyl orange and a drop of phenolphthalein. Then, we only need to observe the different results and record them in the practical file. There is nothing challenging in this practical just that we may see the amazing colour change when we see the different effects of reagents on different objects. For some reasons, we were not allowed to taste acid nor feel the alkali….so nothing special still about this practical. This is basically what we all did for this lab lesson and it was rather boring. We did not come in touch with a lot of equipment but just some chemicals. I really hope that the next lab lesson can be better with an experiment requiring more steps instead of just staring at the reagents, waiting for the effects to surface.
2/26/20102
Today, I had my second experiment which was to investigate the strength of acids and alkalis using electrical conductivity and pH values. Firstly, we were told to use electrical conductivity test if there is electricity in the vitamin C tablet, de-ionised water or in the mixture of both de-ionised water and vitamin C tablet. I got the results that vitamin C tablet and de-ionised water did not light up the LED but the mixture of both of them did amazing light up all of them. This was something that I did not really expect to see. Puzzled by the effect, I expected the teacher to tell us the reason behind this and we were given the answer later on. It was because of the fact that acids and alkalis can conduct electricity. Next, we were told to test these 3 different objects with blue and red litmus paper. We got what we were expecting and we just stated them on the practical file…nothing surprising yet. Then, for part b, we were needed to test if electricity is conducted through the Ethanoic acid, dilute hydrochloric acid and 3 other chemicals. I also stated what I saw onto the practical file. The way this part works is most probably also because of the concept that acid and alkalis can conduct electricity. For the third part, I was needed to use pH colour to test the 5 different chemical’s effects on different colour and state down their pH value. For this lab lesson, though it was a little bit more interesting that the previous lab lesson, it was still not very entertaining yet as we had not yet came across new equipment except for the electrical conductivity tester. Another thing that ‘destroys’ this lab lesson is that at the end of the day when we check the results, it was disappointing to see that I have actually made a lot of wrong observations. SICKENING! What went wrong actually….
5/3/20103
Today, we did a new experiment which was to investigate the action of dilute acids on metals. For this experiment, I was needed to pour dilute hydrochloric acid into a clean test tube to a depth of 3 cm. Then, I was needed to drop a piece of magnesium ribbon/iron filing/zinc powder/copper turnings into the test tube of dilute acid and quickly close the mouth of the test tube with my thumb for a few minutes. I need to be very quick and careful at this step to prevent any air from escaping from the test tube. Then, I was needed to light a wooden splint and hold it at the mouth of the test tube, place a piece of damp red and blue litmus paper over the mouth of the test-tube. Then, I only need to sit down there and wait for the results. This experiment is not very challenging either as I only need to follow the instruction and just note down my observations. The only thing I think I should be aware of for this experiment is that I am needed to follow the steps correctly, especially the covering of the mouth of the test tube part, so as to make sure no air escapes from inside. Other than that, this experiment is an rather easy one. However, I think that I should pay notice to the results and memorize them if possible as they might easily come out for exam!!!
29/3/20104
Today’s experiment is to investigate the action of dilute acids on carbonates. I was firstly needed to put 1 -2cm of limewater into a clean test-tube and place the delivery tube into the limewater. Then, I was needed to pour dilute hydrochloric acid into another clean test tube to a depth of 3cm and then I was to add a flat spatula of calcium carbonate into the acid and quickly close the mouth of the test tube with a stopper carrying a delivery tube. Lastly, I was to observe what happens next before removing the stopper carrying the delivery tube and test the gas with damp litmus papers. For this experiment, there was nothing much to do and nothing much to observe. The only few observations I need to make is to see whan happens when carbonate is added to acid, effects of gas on limewater and damp litmus paper. For this lab lesson, it was rather slack and after completing the experiment, though it was against the rules, we spent the rest of the time playing a little and trying out what is observed when different chemicals are mixed together using the steps given just that we used different chemicals. I feel that this should be the real way that we do the experiments as experiments should be the attempt to test out new things instead of repeating some old formula but at our current stage, we still need to repeat these proven old formula as they are still ‘new’ to us.
6/4/20105
Today’s experiment is to investigate the action of an acid on an alkali. Firstly, I need to use a measuring cylinder to pour 10ml of dilute hydrochloric acid into an evaporating dish. Then, I dip a piece of red litmus paper into the acid by the side of the dish. Next, using a dropper, I add about 10ml of dilute sodium hydroxide solution drop by drop to the acid until the red litmus paper just turns blue. Next, I stir the mixture with a glass rod as I add the alkali before removing the litmus paper. Followed by that, I evaporate the mixture to dryness over a Bunsen flame and lastly, I allow the evaporating dish to cool before observing the colour and taste of the solid left in the dish. It was the first time this semester was we allowed using the Bunsen burner. How I missed it. Though it was only a small part of the experiment, it was still nice. This experiment was one with lots of steps but with only one result which makes me feel rather not worth it though. This was especially the case when even though after we had done the experiment for one hour, I am still unable to see the salt that should be appearing. It makes this experiment even disappointing. Maybe next time, I think the teacher should allow us to turn the flame higher so as to speed up the job. It would be rather useless to do an experiment and yet be unable to see the results.
20/4/20106
Today’s experiment is to investigate the action of alkalis on ammonium salts. This experiment has about the same motive as the previous experiment. Firstly, I need to pour dilute sodium hydroxide into a clean test tube t o a depth of 3 cm before adding a spatula of ammonium chloride into the test tube of alkali. Next, I would need to hold both pieces of damp red and blue litmus papers over the mouth of the test tube and warm the mixture gently over a Bunsen flame followed by observing the change in colour and odour for the litmus papers and gas. This experiment is also simple but we need to be exact on the values of powder etc. that we add into the test tube so as to prevent errors in the results. Other than that, the experiment is fairly easy and boring since we are almost finding the same few results with the red and blue litmus papers.
14/5/20107
Today's lesson is nice! The aim of today’s experiment is to prepare the copper (II) sulphate from the reaction between a dilute acid and an insoluble base and also to prepare lead (II) sulphate from a precipitation reaction between aqueous lead (II) nitrate and aqueous copper (II) sulphate where we first pour 20 cm cube of dilute sulphuric acid into a beaker and warm it with a Bunsen burner before adding copper (II) oxide powder to the acid one spatula at a time with constant stirring until no more will dissolve. I am supposed to do this until all the acids are used up and there is an excess of copper (II) oxide. Followed by that, I need to filter to remove the excess copper (II) oxide and collect the filtrate in a clean evaporating dish. Next, I need to heat the filtrate to evaporate away most of the water to obtain a hot saturated solution before again allowing the solution to cool and crystals of copper (II) sulphate to appear. Lastly, I need to filter the mixture to obtain the copper (II) sulphate crystals and dry them by pressing them between pieces of filter paper. Finally, an experiment different from the others! For this experiment, I am not needed to observe but instead, just prepare soluble and insoluble salts through a number of steps. This makes the experiment more interesting as I can feel more sense of accomplishment if I produce an end product instead of just making a few correct observations. Also, for this experiment, it is a test of patience. Firstly, I need to patiently dissolve all of the copper (II) oxide powder and then, I still need to warm the dilute sulphuric acid in the first step and also to heat the filtrate in the later stage to remove all the water and to obtain a hot saturated solution. However, this is worth it as by the end of the day, I got the end product that I was looking for. I really hope that other experiments would work the same way as these and I can get solid end products which I can maybe bring home to show my little sister: D
23/5/20108
Finally, no more chemicals for experiments as we change to doing reflection experiments. For this experiment, our aim is to explore how light rays are reflected from mirrors and to understand and verify the Law of Reflection. This is a busy first experiment as there is 3 parts for this experiment, For the first part, I first set up the laser unit in the laser bench then I lay the trace sheet on the board that is propped up with a door wedge inside the bench. Then, I position the front of the mirror along line AB and rotate the setup such that the laser path is in line. Followed by that, I used the card to help trace the laser path away from the mirror and mark out two points far apart along the path before removing the mirror and draw a straight line passing through the two points and the mid-point of AB. Finally, I measure the angle of reflection and recorded it in the practical file. For this experiment, it is actually not as easy as expected. There are a few troubles that make the experiment tedious and they include measuring the angles correctly and making sure that the mirror and the light source are at the correct position. What makes it more troublesome was that the light was not very bright and thus, It was very hard to spot the line of light, let alone measure it. That was for part a and for part b, I was needed to repeat the same process with a concave and a convex mirror. It was actually about the same as the plane mirror just that the starting angle is different and everything needed to be re-measured. For this experiment, though there were a lot of things to be done between this one hour session, it was very enriching. It was, in the least, better than staring at the chemical and waiting for the colour or smell to change. Also, this experiment also let me see a lot of amazing stuff about light and let me learnt pretty lot of stuff.
18/7/20109
Today’s experiment is about mirror images where the aim is to observe the image of an object in mirrors and list its characteristics. Firstly, I drew a straight line on the centre of a graph paper and label it AB and followed by that, I place a soft board under the graph paper. Then, I place the mirror upright on the line AB before sticking a pin 4cm in front of the mirror before positioning my eye at the same level as the pin. At this point, I was asked a few questions regarding my observations and I used what I learnt during class to answers them as they were simple observation questions regarding mirror image. Up till now, everything was successful as I was able to see the desired result. Then next, I moved the pin 2 cm further away from the mirror to see if there is any change and as expected, there was change due to the law of reflection. Lastly, I replace the pin with a cardboard with the letter ‘L’ and I was to see the result of the word through the mirror and again, as expected, the word was laterally inverted due to the law of reflection. Aw…. For this experiment, we are back again looking for observations but at least, these observations requires no waiting as lights is the fastest thing on earth (LOL!). Nevertheless, this was boring as all I needed to do was just to follow the steps provided and it requires no critical thinking. There should be something more challenging…
5/8/201010
For today’s experiment, the topic is refraction of light and the aim of this experiment is to explore how light ray are refracted through the plastic block. Firstly, I was needed to turn the screw on the central module of the laser unit and place the trace sheet on the board that is propped up with a door wedge inside the laser bench. Then, I position the plastic block on the trace sheet and rotate the setup such that the path is in line. Next, I used the card to help me trace the emergent laser path as I mark out two points far apart along this path before removing the plastic block and drawing a straight line passing through two points until it touches the line CD at point Q. Followed by that, I drew a straight line to join point P and Q and measured the angle of refraction and the angle of emergence and recorded it in the table. For this experiment, it was not very easy either. Not only is there loads of steps, I also need to make sure the angle are correct or else everything would be screwed up. This experiment was also made more difficult as I was still not very good with this topic yet and was unable to understand the key concepts yet. Luckily, there is our kind teacher who came and offered to demonstrate how to do it for us so as to let us know the topic better. As he demonstrated, I got even amazed as I have not really come into contact with refraction before except in the books and it was an eye opening to see it with my true eyes. I feel that this should be what a true experiment should be like.
5/8/201011
For today’s experiment, we were needed to measure critical angle and investigate total internal reflection and also observe an optical fibre so as to understand how light travels through it. Firstly, I turn the screw on the central module of the laser unit before placing the trace sheet on the board that is propped up with a door wedge in the laser bench and I positioned the semi-circular block on the trace sheet and rotate the whole setup to the left of the normal. Then, starting from a small angle of incidence, I gradually increase the angle of incidence until the refracted ray emerges along the straight edge. Next, I used the card to help trace the incident laser path by marking out two points far apart along this path and I removed the semi-circular block before drawing a straight line through the two points until it touches ‘O’. Followed by that, I measured and recorded the angle of incidence obtained and continued to rotate the semi-circular block until no light passes through and the light reflected within the plastic block. Lastly, I traced the incident and reflected laser path before eventually measured the new angle of incidence and the angle of reflection. For this experiment, I got to know more about refraction already and it was easier to draw the things this time round. Though it was still tedious to measure the angles, it was at least easier to visualise. I think that the teacher should most probably teach us the topic better first before we are allowed to do the experiments and they can maybe break the experiment into even lesser parts to make it easier but not too easy at the same time.
MacRitchie Ecological Trail:

(Our online project regarding reflection)
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(videos on STD)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=38eimmUKci4&feature=email
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A1n7I3VxNaM&feature=email
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NTfBNxXFt6c&feature=email
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tsbpXNRVOfc&feature=email

A1 for LSS
Test mark
LSS with 33/4031/40
Reflection
of the 79 marks; half
Targeted Mark
A1 for LSS with 35/40
Test mark
A2C5 for LSS with 27.5/4022.5/40
Reflection
Even though i only got A2, it is stillArh, a good thing asC5, and the teacher said that students with over 27 marks are counted acceptable.worst result I have ever gotten so far. However, i being complacent that I got an A1 last year and last term also contributes
Targeted Mark
A1 for LSS with 30/40
Test mark
B3A1 for LSS with 26.5/4035.5/40
Reflection
Oh dear,yeah, my grades are falling gradually and not increasing at all. Now, i finally knew the real reason! All the while imarks improved! It was not listeningindeed a huge jump from C5 to class, thinkingA1. However, I think it was not only because of my hard work that I had put in this term, I feel that it was because the slides would be unloaded to ivle and i would study them at home but they were just empty promisesexam itself was rather easy. Thus, I feel that i made.there are still lots of room for improvement especially when everyone is getting A1 yet I only revisedcan lose 4.5 marks. Apparently, most of these 4.5 marks was lost because I did not draw the day beforelight rays correctly and thus, caused me these marks. Before the exam, I was thinking everythingthat drawing the ray diagram was easy and I did not practise much. This complacency had cost me much. I should really stop being so complacent as Science is going to be easy. Not only that, i thoughtsomething that readingrequires lots of memorizing and understanding the slides cum worksheets would be enoughpractising. Nevertheless, it is a good thing I got A1 but obviously, it is not the case.too early to be happy. I should actually bestart doing also the exercise the final EXAM!EXAM!!!
Targeted Mark
LSS with 31/4085/100

14/2/2010
x-----Today,Today, i had at the lab. I was allowedlab for this semester. Today’s experiment is an average one. We were just needed to use the Bunsen burner,pour six different reagents into a science equipment which i never even got to touch when i was in primary school. I learnt how to use“6” wells strip and dip different objects into the Bunsen burner6 reagents. These six different reagents include Ethanoic acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, and some things todilute sulphuric acid, aqueous ammonia, dilute sodium hydroxide and not to do duringde-ionised water. The different objects also include a science experiment. To usered litmus paper, a Bunsen burner, we first had to close the air holeblue litmus paper, a drop of the Bunsen burner before turning on the gas tap withmethyl orange and a lighter on the Bunsen burner.drop of phenolphthalein. Then, we can adjustonly need to observe the heat of the fire by opening the air hole bigger( to create a hotter fire)different results and turningrecord them in the air hole smaller. I learntpractical file. There is nothing challenging in this practical just that if you open the air hole of the Bunsen burner too big, youwe may get a strike back in which sizzling sound may be heard andsee the fire will burn atamazing colour change when we see the jet insteaddifferent effects of the top part of the Bunsen burner. I also learnt aboutreagents on different objects. For some things to do andreasons, we were not allowed to do in the science lab. Intaste acid nor feel the science lab,alkali….so nothing special still about this practical. This is basically what we must wear goggles to protect our eyes during experimentsall did for this lab lesson and we mustit was rather boring. We did not taste any chemicals without the teacher's permission.come in touch with a lot of equipment but just some chemicals. I feelreally hope that having science lessons in the next lab is better since in the lab, welesson can have hands-on and do experiments ourself to find out about the answers and notbe better with an experiment requiring more steps instead of just be spoon fed bystaring at the teachersreagents, waiting for the answer and also listeneffects to power points in class only.Today, isurface.
2/26/2010
Today, I had my first science lesson at the lab. I was allowed to use the Bunsen burner, a science equipmentsecond experiment which i never even got to touch when i was in primary school. I learnt how to useinvestigate the Bunsen burnerstrength of acids and some things toalkalis using electrical conductivity and notpH values. Firstly, we were told to do during a science experiment. To use a Bunsen burner, we first had to closeelectrical conductivity test if there is electricity in the air hole ofvitamin C tablet, de-ionised water or in the Bunsen burner before turning on the gas tap with a lighter on the Bunsen burner. Then, we can adjust the heatmixture of the fire by opening the air hole bigger( to create a hotter fire)both de-ionised water and turningvitamin C tablet. I got the air hole smaller. I learntresults that if you open the air hole of the Bunsen burner too big, you may get a strike back in which sizzling sound may be heardvitamin C tablet and de-ionised water did not light up the fire will burn atLED but the jet insteadmixture of the top partboth of the Bunsen burner.them did amazing light up all of them. This was something that I also learnt about some things to do anddid not really expect to do insee. Puzzled by the science lab. Ineffect, I expected the science lab, we must wear gogglesteacher to protect our eyes during experimentstell us the reason behind this and we must not taste any chemicals withoutwere given the teacher's permission. I feelanswer later on. It was because of the fact that having science lessons in the lab is better since in the lab,acids and alkalis can conduct electricity. Next, we can have hands-on and do experiments ourselfwere told to find out about the answerstest these 3 different objects with blue and notred litmus paper. We got what we were expecting and we just be spoon fed bystated them on the teacherspractical file…nothing surprising yet. Then, for part b, we were needed to test if electricity is conducted through the answerEthanoic acid, dilute hydrochloric acid and 3 other chemicals. I also listen to power points in class only.
x-----2/26/20102/26/2010
x-----This isstated what I saw onto the topic where everythingpractical file. The way this part works is fun! This topic is not only easy, in the processmost probably also because of learning this topic, i am allowed to come into contact with a lot of equipments in the science laboratory. As measurement means measuring object with some equipments, it is a mustconcept that we have our hands on these equipments so that weacid and alkalis can understandconduct electricity. For the uses of each measuring equipment more clearly. Some ofthird part, I was needed to use pH colour to test the equipments i came into contact today5 different chemical’s effects on different colour and state down their pH value. For this lab lesson, though it was a vernier caliper and a micrometer screw gauge. These arelittle bit more interesting that the twoprevious lab lesson, it was still not very entertaining yet as we had not yet came across new equipmentsequipment except for the electrical conductivity tester. Another thing that i first saw since i first started learning science. The uses of these 2 equipments are to measure very accurately‘destroys’ this lab lesson is that at the lengthend of certain small object. The vernier caliper is able to measure small objects to the centimeter with 2 decimal points where asday when we check the micrometer screw gaugeresults, it was useddisappointing to measure item to the millimeter. We conducted experiments with this two equipments wheresee that I have actually made a lot of wrong observations. SICKENING! What went wrong actually….
5/3/2010
Today, we were givendid a marble and a brick. We were needednew experiment which was to measure and record downinvestigate the sizeaction of these items with the 2 equipments where the micrometer screw gauge is supposeddilute acids on metals. For this experiment, I was needed to measure the marble while the vernier caliper is usedpour dilute hydrochloric acid into a clean test tube to measure the brick.This is the topic where everything is fun! This topic is not only easy, in the processa depth of learning this topic, i am allowed3 cm. Then, I was needed to come into contact withdrop a lotpiece of equipments inmagnesium ribbon/iron filing/zinc powder/copper turnings into the science laboratory. As measurement means measuring object with some equipments, it is a must that we have our hands on these equipments so that we can understandtest tube of dilute acid and quickly close the uses of each measuring equipment more clearly. Somemouth of the equipments i came into contact today wastest tube with my thumb for a vernier caliper and a micrometer screw gauge. These are the two new equipments that i first saw since i first started learning science. The uses of these 2 equipments arefew minutes. I need to measurebe very accurately the length of certain small object. The vernier caliper is able to measure small objectsquick and careful at this step to prevent any air from escaping from the centimeter with 2 decimal points where as the micrometer screw gaugetest tube. Then, I was usedneeded to measure item to the millimeter. We conducted experiments with this two equipments where we were givenlight a marblewooden splint and hold it at the mouth of the test tube, place a brick. We were needed to measurepiece of damp red and record downblue litmus paper over the sizemouth of these items with the 2 equipments where the micrometer screw gauge is supposedtest-tube. Then, I only need to measuresit down there and wait for the marble while the vernier caliperresults. This experiment is usednot very challenging either as I only need to measurefollow the brick.
x-----5/3/20105/3/2010
x-----Today,i hadinstruction and just note down my second lessonobservations. The only thing I think I should be aware of doing experiments in the lab. Thisfor this experiment is the second time of term 1 that i am allowed to do experiments on my own. For the experiment today, iI am needed to use equipments such as measuring cylinder and vernier caliper. For this experiment, i am needed to usefollow the vernier caliper to measuresteps correctly, especially the diametercovering of the vernier calipermouth of the test tube part, so as to complete a worksheet. At first, i had a hard time tryingmake sure no air escapes from inside. Other than that, this experiment is an rather easy one. However, I think that I should pay notice to use the vernier caliper to measure the measuring cylinderresults and memorize them if possible as i am afraid that ithey might measure the wrong measurement. Carefully, i managedeasily come out for exam!!!
29/3/2010
Today’s experiment is to measureinvestigate the diameteraction of the measuring cylinder for 3 times asdilute acids on carbonates. I was firstly needed to prevent human-errorput 1 -2cm of limewater into a clean test-tube and next i calculatedplace the average of these results. In this experiment i also learntdelivery tube into the 'working' for the science questions.limewater. Then, I startedwas needed to find that Science is growingpour dilute hydrochloric acid into another clean test tube to be like math as these 'workings' are needed. These science lessons nowadays is getting more interesting as i like science morea depth of 3cm and i startthen I was to feel that the time i spent on learning science in school is getting shorter even though i also spent 1hour for my science lessons in the past years.Today,i had my second lessonadd a flat spatula of doing experiments incalcium carbonate into the lab. This is the second time of term 1 that i am allowed to do experiments on my own. For the experiment today, i am needed to use equipments such as measuring cylinderacid and vernier caliper. For this experiment, i am needed to usequickly close the vernier caliper to measure the diametermouth of the vernier caliper so as to completetest tube with a worksheet. At first, i hadstopper carrying a hard time tryingdelivery tube. Lastly, I was to useobserve what happens next before removing the vernier caliper to measurestopper carrying the measuring cylinder as i am afraid that i might measuredelivery tube and test the wrong measurement. Carefully, i managedgas with damp litmus papers. For this experiment, there was nothing much to measure the diameter of the measuring cylinder for 3 times asdo and nothing much to prevent human-error and next i calculated the average of these results. In this experiment i also learnt the 'working' for the science questions.observe. The only few observations I startedneed to find that Sciencemake is growing to be like math as these 'workings' are needed. These science lessons nowadayssee whan happens when carbonate is getting more interesting as i like science moreadded to acid, effects of gas on limewater and i start to feel thatdamp litmus paper. For this lab lesson, it was rather slack and after completing the time i spent on learning science in school is getting shorter evenexperiment, though i alsoit was against the rules, we spent 1hour for my science lessons in the past years.
x-----29/3/201029/3/2010
x-----Today, i learnt about density inrest of the science lesson. I feel that this topic istime playing a topic that will benefits me for my whole life. Itlittle and trying out what is a topicobserved when different chemicals are mixed together using the steps given just that affects our life everyday.we used different chemicals. I feel that i like this topic and lesson not only because it is about our life, it is alsoshould be the real way that we do the topic allows usexperiments as experiments should be the attempt to conduct a lottest out new things instead of experiments. As this topic is not easyrepeating some old formula but at our current stage, we still need to be taught using verbal, experimentsrepeat these proven old formula as they are neededstill ‘new’ to allow usus.
6/4/2010
Today’s experiment is to understandinvestigate the topic. Becauseaction of this topic, i was allowedan acid on an alkali. Firstly, I need to douse a lotmeasuring cylinder to pour 10ml of experiments. Not only that i liked this topic as the topic isdilute hydrochloric acid into an evaporating dish. Then, I dip a easy one. The only formula i needed to know for this topic is that density=Mass/Volume and with this formula, i can answer almost all questions about this topic. As for experiment, i liked the experiment we did today. Today, we were given a little stone and a beakerpiece of water. We are told to place the stonered litmus paper into the water. What i observed wasacid by the stone sinking. This shows thatside of the densitydish. Next, using a dropper, I add about 10ml of dilute sodium hydroxide solution drop by drop to the water is lower thanacid until the density ofred litmus paper just turns blue. Next, I stir the stonemixture with a glass rod as I add the item withalkali before removing the lower density will floatlitmus paper. Followed by that, I evaporate the mixture to dryness over a Bunsen flame and as for this case, since it is impossible for waterlastly, I allow the evaporating dish to float, the stone sinking proves thatcool before observing the densitycolour and taste of the water is lower thansolid left in the density ofdish. It was the stone.Today, i learnt about density infirst time this semester was we allowed using the science lesson.Bunsen burner. How I feel that this topic ismissed it. Though it was only a topic that will benefitssmall part of the experiment, it was still nice. This experiment was one with lots of steps but with only one result which makes me feel rather not worth it though. This was especially the case when even though after we had done the experiment for my whole life. It is a topic that affects our life everyday.one hour, I feelam still unable to see the salt that i likeshould be appearing. It makes this topic and lesson not only because it is about our life, it is also thatexperiment even disappointing. Maybe next time, I think the topic allowsteacher should allow us to conduct a lot of experiments. As this topic is not easyturn the flame higher so as to speed up the job. It would be taught using verbal, experiments are neededrather useless to allow usdo an experiment and yet be unable to understandsee the topic. Because of this topic, i was allowedresults.
20/4/2010
Today’s experiment is to do a lotinvestigate the action of experiments. Not only that i liked this topicalkalis on ammonium salts. This experiment has about the same motive as the topic is a easy one. The only formula i neededprevious experiment. Firstly, I need to know for this topic is that density=Mass/Volume and with this formula, i can answer almost all questions about this topic. As for experiment, i liked the experiment we did today. Today, we were givenpour dilute sodium hydroxide into a little stone andclean test tube t o a beakerdepth of water. We are told3 cm before adding a spatula of ammonium chloride into the test tube of alkali. Next, I would need to placehold both pieces of damp red and blue litmus papers over the stone intomouth of the water. What i observed wastest tube and warm the stone sinking. This shows thatmixture gently over a Bunsen flame followed by observing the density ofchange in colour and odour for the waterlitmus papers and gas. This experiment is lower thanalso simple but we need to be exact on the densityvalues of powder etc. that we add into the stonetest tube so as to prevent errors in the item withresults. Other than that, the lower density will floatexperiment is fairly easy and as for this case,boring since it is impossible for water to float,we are almost finding the stone sinking proves thatsame few results with the densityred and blue litmus papers.
14/5/2010
Today's lesson is nice! The aim of the watertoday’s experiment is lower thanto prepare the density ofcopper (II) sulphate from the stone.
x-----6/4/20106/4/2010
x-----Today, i hadreaction between a lesson learning about conversion of units. Oh dear, my math was never gooddilute acid and now, i hadan insoluble base and also to learn conversionprepare lead (II) sulphate from a precipitation reaction between aqueous lead (II) nitrate and aqueous copper (II) sulphate where we first pour 20 cm cube of units that is connected to math. Also,dilute sulphuric acid into a beaker and warm it is goingwith a Bunsen burner before adding copper (II) oxide powder to be tested in the class test.Terrible! However,acid one spatula at a time with constant stirring until no more will dissolve. I am supposed to do this was actually what i though when i first sawuntil all the worksheet given out. But after the hour of lesson, i realized that actually it is quite easy. During the class, the teacheracids are used interesting powerpoint to lead us one step by one step into doing this topic. At first, i had a hard time catching up and was becoming drowsy duethere is an excess of copper (II) oxide. Followed by that, I need to filter to remove the huge amount of numberexcess copper (II) oxide and sophisticated working. But my classmates started joking around, allowing me to suddenly regain conscious.collect the filtrate in a clean evaporating dish. Next, I listened attentivelyneed to allheat the tips she gave usfiltrate to solve question like this and i startedevaporate away most of the water to haveobtain a grip ofhot saturated solution before again allowing the waysolution to answercool and crystals of copper (II) sulphate to appear. Lastly, I need to filter the questions. Addingmixture to that,obtain the teacher also gave us worksheets that aids us in understanding the topiccopper (II) sulphate crystals and summarizingdry them by pressing them between pieces of filter paper. Finally, an experiment different from the topic so that we can revise it if we couldothers! For this experiment, I am not understand the classneeded to observe but instead, just prepare soluble and we can digest the topic slowly at home.Today, i hadinsoluble salts through a lesson learning about conversionnumber of units. Oh dear, my math was never good and now, i had to learn conversionsteps. This makes the experiment more interesting as I can feel more sense of units that is connected to math.accomplishment if I produce an end product instead of just making a few correct observations. Also, for this experiment, it is goinga test of patience. Firstly, I need to be testedpatiently dissolve all of the copper (II) oxide powder and then, I still need to warm the dilute sulphuric acid in the class test.Terrible! However, this was actually what i though when i first saw the worksheet given out. But after the hour of lesson, i realized that actually it is quite easy. During the class, the teacher used interesting powerpoint to lead us one step by one step into doing this topic. At first, i had a hard time catching up and was becoming drowsy duealso to heat the huge amount of number and sophisticated working. But my classmates started joking around, allowing me to suddenly regain conscious. I listened attentivelyfiltrate in the later stage to remove all the tips she gave us to solve question like thiswater and i started to haveobtain a griphot saturated solution. However, this is worth it as by the end of the way to answerday, I got the questions. Adding to that, the teacher also gave us worksheetsend product that aids us in understandingI was looking for. I really hope that other experiments would work the topicsame way as these and summarizing the topic so that weI can revise it ifget solid end products which I can maybe bring home to show my little sister: D
23/5/2010
Finally, no more chemicals for experiments as we could notchange to doing reflection experiments. For this experiment, our aim is to explore how light rays are reflected from mirrors and to understand the class and we can digestverify the topic slowly at home.
x-----20/4/201020/4/2010
x-----Damn! Today in class i had to learn about the topic that i hated the most in the science lessons until now. It is ELEMENT! Do not be mistaken by its innocent name but actually itLaw of Reflection. This is a sophisticated topic. Lots and lots of thingsbusy first experiment as there is needed to be memorized. Periodic table... characteristic of3 parts for this experiment, For the different elements.... how to study a periodic table...first part, I first set up the chemical symbol of different elements....laser unit in the uses of some oflaser bench then I lay the elements. Oh dear, i am already having trouble thinking about what i am expected to know, to memorize buttrace sheet on the fact isboard that it is propped up with a must to memorize all ofdoor wedge inside the things! Today,bench. Then, I position the lesson was boring. The teacher was just flashing throughfront of the PowerPoint about the topicmirror along line AB and i was not even bothered about it. Allrotate the slides were just stuffed with informationsetup such that i neededthe laser path is in line. Followed by that, I used the card to memorize clearly andhelp trace the spelling of some oflaser path away from the words is already making me crazy. Atmirror and mark out two points far apart along the end ofpath before removing the lesson,mirror and draw a worksheet was even given.... all asking aboutstraight line passing through the chemical symbol of different elementstwo points and their uses. Ah, i hope the next lesson will never be so terrible as this.Damn! Today in class i had to learn aboutmid-point of AB. Finally, I measure the topic that i hated the mostangle of reflection and recorded it in the science lessons until now. Itpractical file. For this experiment, it is ELEMENT! Doactually not be mistaken by its innocent name but actually it isas easy as expected. There are a sophisticated topic. Lotsfew troubles that make the experiment tedious and lots of things is needed to be memorized. Periodic table... characteristic ofthey include measuring the different elements.... how to study a periodic table...angles correctly and making sure that the chemical symbol of different elements....mirror and the uses of some oflight source are at the elements. Oh dear, i am already having trouble thinking about what i am expected to know, to memorize but the fact iscorrect position. What makes it more troublesome was that it is a must to memorize all of the things! Today, the lessonlight was boring. The teachernot very bright and thus, It was just flashing throughvery hard to spot the PowerPoint about the topicline of light, let alone measure it. That was for part a and ifor part b, I was not even bothered about it. All the slides were just stuffed with information that i needed to memorize clearly andrepeat the spelling of some of the words is already making me crazy. At the end of the lesson,same process with a worksheetconcave and a convex mirror. It was even given.... all askingactually about the chemical symbol of different elements and their uses. Ah, i hope the next lesson will never be so terrible as this.
x-----14/5/201014/5/2010
x-----Today's lesson is nice! This topic we are learning now is almost same as measurment where we are allowed to use all kinds of equipments but the only differenceplane mirror just that the starting angle is that this topic, 'major' experiments aredifferent and everything needed to be re-measured. For this experiment, though there were a lot of things to be done as in we are not only usingbetween this one hour session, it was very enriching. It was, in the least, better than staring at the chemical and waiting for the colour or two equipments but fivesmell to ten andchange. Also, this experiment also let me see a lot of steps are needed to complete the experiments. The experiments are also quite challengingamazing stuff about light and patience are also needed. However, some experiments are also quite simple and not much conceptlet me learnt pretty lot of stuff.
18/7/2010
Today’s experiment is needed. One exampleabout mirror images where the aim is to observe the filtration experiment. We are givenimage of an object in mirrors and list its characteristics. Firstly, I drew a filter paper,straight line on the centre of a test tubegraph paper and label it AB and followed by that, I place a mixture of crushed iron and water. We are supposed to separatesoft board under the mixture of crushed iron and water using filtration. This is onegraph paper. Then, I place the mirror upright on the line AB before sticking a pin 4cm in front of the simplest experiment i had done. Onlymirror before positioning my eye at the same level as the pin. At this point, I was asked a few steps is needed for this experiment. First, we are neededquestions regarding my observations and I used what I learnt during class to placeanswers them as they were simple observation questions regarding mirror image. Up till now, everything was successful as I was able to see the filter paper ondesired result. Then next, I moved the opening ofpin 2 cm further away from the test tubemirror to see if there is any change and just pouras expected, there was change due to the mixture intolaw of reflection. Lastly, I replace the test tube throughpin with a cardboard with the filter paperletter ‘L’ and I was to see the mixture will be separated where in this case,result of the crushed iron isword through the residue wheremirror and again, as expected, the water isword was laterally inverted due to the filtrate. How i wish every experiment can be as simple aslaw of reflection. Aw…. For this one and science will then become the simplest and funnest subject i ever learnt!Today's lesson is nice! This topicexperiment, we are learning nowback again looking for observations but at least, these observations requires no waiting as lights is almost samethe fastest thing on earth (LOL!). Nevertheless, this was boring as measurment where we are allowed to use all kinds of equipments but the only difference is that this topic, 'major' experiments areI needed to be done as in we are not only using one or two equipments but fivedo was just to tenfollow the steps provided and a lot of steps are needed to completeit requires no critical thinking. There should be something more challenging…
5/8/2010
For today’s experiment, the experiments. The experiments are also quite challenging and patience are also needed. However, some experiments are also quite simple and not much concepttopic is needed. One example is the filtration experiment. We are given a filter paper, a test tube and a mixturerefraction of crushed ironlight and water. We are supposed to separate the mixtureaim of crushed iron and water using filtration. This is one of the simplestthis experiment i had done. Only a few steps is needed for this experiment. First, weto explore how light ray are refracted through the plastic block. Firstly, I was needed to placeturn the filter paperscrew on the openingcentral module of the test tubelaser unit and just pourplace the mixture intotrace sheet on the test tube throughboard that is propped up with a door wedge inside the filter paperlaser bench. Then, I position the plastic block on the trace sheet and rotate the mixture will be separated where in this case,setup such that the crushed ironpath is in line. Next, I used the residue where ascard to help me trace the water is the filtrate. How i wish every experiment can be as simpleemergent laser path as I mark out two points far apart along this onepath before removing the plastic block and science will then becomedrawing a straight line passing through two points until it touches the simplestline CD at point Q. Followed by that, I drew a straight line to join point P and funnest subject i ever learnt!
x-----23/5/201023/5/2010
x-----SolutionQ and suspension ismeasured the topic that isangle of a average level. It is neither too hard nor too easyrefraction and the angle of emergence and recorded it in the table. For this experiment, it is neither too fun nor too boring. Today, lesson was quite ok as we were firstly brief by some powerpoint about the topic before having experiment. Thisnot very easy either. Not only is the kindthere loads of lesson i likedsteps, I also need to make sure the most. During the first part, we were told that weangle are needed tocorrect or else everything would be able to list down a few differences of suspension and solution but itscrewed up. This experiment was still acceptablealso made more difficult as only a few differences were needed to be memorized. Then proceeded to the second part of the lesson where thereI was a little fun. We were given a beaker of waterstill not very good with this topic yet and a little salt. We are neededwas unable to dissolveunderstand the salt in the water and record down the timing. This is another boring experiment wherekey concepts yet. Luckily, there is no challenge involved. We just neededour kind teacher who came and offered to pour and salt into the water and wait...wait...wait and wait. Yawn!Solution and suspension is the topic that is of a average level. It is neither too hard nor too easy anddemonstrate how to do it is neither too fun nor too boring. Today, lesson was quite okfor us so as we were firstly brief by some powerpoint aboutto let us know the topic better. As he demonstrated, I got even amazed as I have not really come into contact with refraction before having experiment. This isexcept in the kind of lesson i liked the most. During the first part, we were told that we are needed to be able to list down a few differences of suspensionbooks and solution but it was still acceptable as onlyan eye opening to see it with my true eyes. I feel that this should be what a few differencestrue experiment should be like.
5/8/2010
For today’s experiment, we were needed to be memorized. Then proceededmeasure critical angle and investigate total internal reflection and also observe an optical fibre so as to understand how light travels through it. Firstly, I turn the second part ofscrew on the lesson where there was a little fun. We were given a beakercentral module of water and a little salt. We are needed to dissolve the salt inlaser unit before placing the water and record downtrace sheet on the timing. Thisboard that is another boring experiment where there is no challenge involved. We just needed to pour and salt intopropped up with a door wedge in the waterlaser bench and wait...wait...wait and wait. Yawn!
x-----18/7/201018/7/2010
x-----Today i had lesson concerning aboutI positioned the topic i had learnt two months ago which is separation technique. After five consecutive lessons without experiment being conducted, i looked foreword to this lesson. The experiments are also quite challengingsemi-circular block on the trace sheet and patience is needed. One of them isrotate the experiment that we did today. It is about chromatography. We are given a paper and a few pens and we are neededwhole setup to find out the different colour that certain pens are made of. The first step was only to mark a dotleft of the normal. Then, starting from a piecesmall angle of rectangle paper and suspend them in a test tube which is being boiled. Then, after about 10 to 20 minutes of boiling,incidence, I gradually increase the mixtureangle of incidence until the ink will then separate intorefracted ray emerges along the different components. After that,straight edge. Next, I used the process is completed ascard to help trace the different components of the mixture of ink can be observed.Today i had lesson concerning about the topic i had learntincident laser path by marking out two months ago which is separation technique. After five consecutive lessons without experiment being conducted, i looked foreword topoints far apart along this lesson. The experiments are also quite challengingpath and patience is needed. One of them isI removed the experiment that we did today. It is about chromatography. We are givensemi-circular block before drawing a paperstraight line through the two points until it touches ‘O’. Followed by that, I measured and a few pens and we are needed to find outrecorded the different colour that certain pens are made of. The first step was only to mark a dotangle of a piece of rectangle paperincidence obtained and suspend them in a test tube which is being boiled. Then, after about 10continued to 20 minutes of boiling,rotate the mixture ofsemi-circular block until no light passes through and the ink will then separate intolight reflected within the different components. After that,plastic block. Lastly, I traced the process is completed asincident and reflected laser path before eventually measured the different componentsnew angle of incidence and the mixtureangle of ink can be observed.
x-----5/8/20105/8/2010
x-----Todayreflection. For this experiment, I got to know more about refraction already and it was a terrible day. The teacher was not here foreasier to draw the lesson and substitute teacher is not interesting and he is only teaching us from the paper hethings this time round. Though it was given. Even though there was a terrible teacher, i still mangedtedious to have a nice time completingmeasure the experiment. Today experimentangles, it was at least easier to check if photosynthesis takes place in green leaves. A green leave, iodine solution is givenvisualise. I think that the teacher should most probably teach us the topic better first before we are allowed to us. This experiment is to check fordo the availability of starch inexperiments and they can maybe break the leaf.This is yet nothing elseexperiment into even lesser parts to make it easier but just anothernot too easy experiment. Firstly, i neededat the same time.
MacRitchie Ecological Trail:
For this trip, I was expecting to poursee and learn a few dropslot of iodine solution onthings but the leaf and let itafternoon rain destroyed everything. Due to dry. After a thirty-minutes wait, the iodine solution will be completely dissolverain, we were unable to go into the reservoir to observe anything at all. We were only allowed to stay in the leave. Then, the part of the leaf thatshelter and do some exercises. It was contacted by the iodine turned blue-black and it showed that starch is present as iodine changes from brown coloursad to blue-black after contact with starch.Today was a terrible day. The teacher was not here for the lessonsee our one and substitute teacher is not interesting and he is only teaching us from the paper he was given. Even though there was a terrible teacher, i still mangedfield trip go to have a nice time completingwaste. Under the experiment. Today experiment was to check if photosynthesis takes place in green leaves. A green leave, iodine solution is given to us. This experiment is to checkshelter as we waited for the availability of starch in the leaf.This is yet nothing else but just another easy experiment. Firstly, i neededbus to return, we were required to pourdo a few dropsworksheets. We were to draw out a simple map of iodine solution on the leafMacRitchie reservoir and let italso to dry. Afteranswer a thirty-minutes wait,few questions that involve the iodine solution will be completely dissolveplanning of the land use in MacRitchie reservoir. They were rather simple questions but require lots of brainstorming for ideal answers. However, with the leave. Then, the partwhole of our team thinking, it was no longer than fifteen minutes before we came out with an efficient way to make MacRitchie a better and more attractive place, especially to solve the leaf thatrain problem. Other than this discussion, there was contacted by the iodine turned blue-black and it showed that starch is presentnothing else we could do as iodine changes from brown colourwe waited for another one hour before the bus arrived to blue-black after contact with starch.
pick us back to school. What a horrible trip…

My first work sample is:
{http://www.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/file/my+science+lesson+report.docx?h=40&w=200}{my science lesson report.docx}
My second work sample is:
{http://www.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/file/science+powerpoint.pptx?h=40&w=200}{science powerpoint 1.pptx}
My third work sample is:
A board game:
If the player got the answer wrongly without the tips card, he skips his turn for one time but if he answered wrongly without the tips card, he would have to skip his turn for two times
Things provided:
{http://www.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/file/questions.doc?h=40&w=200}
{http://www.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/file/answer.doc?h=40&w=200}
{http://www.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/file/tips.doc?h=40&w=200}
{http://www.wikispaces.com/site/embedthumbnail/file/Punish.doc?h=40&w=200}{Punish.doc}
{questions.doc}
{tips.doc}
{answer.doc}
My fourth workother works sample is:are:
{Formation of Rainbow.pptx}
{phamplet edittttt.docx}
(Our online project regarding reflection)
{james_bond.png}